How To Implement MVC Architecture in Java? Patterns Explained

Hey Folks! Are you looking for any help with Java MVC example, MVC Architecture in Java, or Pattern Help?

Are you facing some difficulties in understanding Java MVC? Well, we are sharing an insight into Java MVC, its architecture, and its patterns in this article.

This tutorial is all about Java MVC and Java MVC example code and if you get stuck somewhere and need assistance in Java Assignment then you can hire the expert programmers at CodingZap.

So, let’s jump to our topic.

What is Java MVC?

Java MVC stands for Model View and Controller. Java MVC is an architecture that programmers follow while programming Java applications.

MVC (Model-View-Controller) framework is a design pattern that separates an application’s user interface (UI), data, and control logic into three distinct components, each with a specific role.

Here’s a brief overview of each component:

1. Model: This component represents the data and business logic of the application. It is responsible for managing the application’s state and enforcing business rules.
2. View: View is responsible for rendering the user interface of the application. It takes data from the Model and presents it to the user like UI in a format they can interact with.
3. Controller: The controller acts as a mediator between the Model and View. It receives input from the user via the View, processes it, and updates the Model accordingly. It also updates the View with the results of Model changes.

By separating these concerns, MVC makes it easier to modify and maintain individual components without affecting others. This can lead to more flexible, scalable, and maintainable applications.

Why use Java MVC?

The answer is-

• Make the code more organized and standard.
• Avoid complexity.
• Enable easy debugging.

The main purpose of MVC is to ease down and reduce the complexity when it comes to building a large application that contains n number of modules.

Let me explain to you MVC architecture in Java with a diagram.

So the above diagram shows  3 different main components of MVC architecture. It’s a way we organize our code into different packages for every module of an application.

MVC architecture includes View, VO, BO, Controller, and DAO layers. The controller maintains the interconnectivity with the View, VO, BO, and DAO layers.

Let’s say for example we want to design a Login Page using Java MVC architecture.

How to achieve an MVC pattern in Java?

To implement the Model View Controller Desing pattern in the Java programming language, we need to start with the Model layer. The Model layer is the first implementation step in the Java Desing pattern. We will take one simple example to understand the flow

How To Implement Model Layer In MVC Java?

Overview Of The Concept:

In the MVC, the model layer is considered the Data Layer. It is used to get the state of the application as well as to get the logic of the business for which the model layer is implemented. 

The layer is used to store the data inside the database & the same data is fetched from there. This layer is used to implement some of the rules on the database to extract the data. The concept will more clear with one example.

Code To Implement Model Layer:

public class Code {
private String type; // Declaring String Type
private String name; // Declaring String Name
public String getType() { // Function To Getting Type
return type;}
public void setType(String type) { // Function Saving Type
this.type = type;}
public String getName() { // Function To Getting Name
return name;}
public void setName(String name) { // Function To Saving Name
this.name = name;
}}

Steps Of The Program:

1. First, take some private strings based on the parameters you want to save inside the Model. To get more knowledge about strings, you can attain some knowledge about comparing strings in Java.
2. Then, declare one public function using the ‘get’ keyword that will help to receive the value from the Main function.
3. After that, using the ‘set’ keyword, we need to save the data inside the database of the Model layer.
4. We should perform the above steps for all the parameters that we have declared in the class.

How To Implement View Layer In MVC Java?

Overview Of The Concept:

From the name of the layer, we can get the work it performs on the MVC layer. The view layer is used to display all the information that is stored in the Model. The controller layer is used as the bridge between the Model & the Controller.

Whenever there is a need to communicate with the Model from the View, the Controller layer is used for that. The view layer sends the data to the client from which the data is received by the controller. We will implement one example based on the above Model.

Code To Implement View Layer:

public class CodeView {
public void print(String codeName, String codeType){ // Function To Print Values
System.out.println("ZapOne Coding Help: ");
System.out.println("Name: " + codeName + ", Which Falls Under: " + codeType);
System.out.println();}}

Steps Of The Program:

1. The program is very small & implementation starts from one user-defined function implementation process. We should provide the same number of arguments to the function which we have declared earlier.
2. Inside the function, we will write some random printing statements. Those statements will help to receive the values from the Model layer. It is very important to understand printing an array in Java as it allows us to debug or verify the program wherever necessary.

How To Implement Controller Layer In MVC Java?

Overview Of The Concept:

As we have said earlier that the controller layer is used as the bridge between the Model Layer & the View layer. The view layer provides data request to the Controller layer which process those requests. Those requests are sent to the Model layer.

From the Model layer, the Controller layer gets the data. Those data will be shared with the View layer. And inside the view layer, all the received details will be published. Based upon the implemented Model & View layer, we will implement the Controller layer.

Code To Implement Controller Layer:

public class CodeView {
public void print(String codeName, String codeType){ // Function To Print Values
System.out.println("ZapOne Coding Help: ");
System.out.println("Name: " + codeName + ", Which Falls Under: " + codeType);
System.out.println();}}

Steps Of The Program:

1. In the program first, we should call those two classes which are implemented for Model & View purposes.
2. Now, we need to use again the ‘get’ & ‘set’ keywords to receive & save the data. We should use these functions, for the number of times the arguments are declared.
3. We have to declare another function inside of the program that will connect with the View program. The function that has been used in the view program will be used inside of that declared function.

How To Implement Main Function In MVC Java?

We have completed all the implementation required inside of the MVC process. But it is not enough to execute the code. The Main function is not declared in the program. And without the Main function, no program can be executed.

Code To Implement Main Function In MVC Java

public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) {
Code model = retriveCodeFromDatabase(); // Fetching Record From Model
CodeView view = new CodeView(); // Creating Object Of View layer
CodeController controller = new CodeController(model, view); // Creating Object Of Controller layer
controller.update(); // Calling Update Function
controller.setCodeName("Java Program"); controller.setCodeType("OOPs"); // Updating Data
controller.update();} // Calling Update Function
private static Code retriveCodeFromDatabase(){ // Function To Insert Elements
Code cd = new Code();cd.setName("C Program"); cd.setType("Functional"); return cd;}}

Steps Of The Program:

1. The implementation of the program will start from the Public Static Void Main function.
2. Inside that function, the Model will be called first & the records will be fetched from the database.
3. After that, the View layer will be called. For that, we will declare one View object inside of the program.
4. At last, the Controller layer will be called. Here, we will again create one object that will work on the Controller function declared earlier.
5. Now, some of the values will be provided to the program which will be saved first to the Model. Then, the data will be received by the Controller for printing in the View layer.

Let us try to find out the complete output of the above-implemented codes. It will help to understand the working procedure of MVC Java.

Output:

Conclusion:

As we see, knowing the working process of MVC in Java programming language is very important.

We should know well the Data Model & the Design Patterns present in the Java programming language in a good manner to execute different difficult problems easily.

It is advisable to clear the basic concept of the Java programming language. Otherwise, some of the implementation processes will look weird to you. If you get a good grip on this topic, you can bring some more important Final Year Java Project ideas for your group.