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Are you facing some difficulties in understanding Java MVC? Well, we are sharing an insight into Java MVC, its architecture, and its patterns in this article.
This tutorial is all about Java MVC and Java MVC example code and if you get stuck somewhere and need assistance in Java Assignment then you can hire the expert programmers at CodingZap.
So, letโs jump to our topic.
Summary Of The Article:
- The MVC architecture or the MVC design pattern in Java represents or divides the software or application into 3 parts.
- The components of the MVC architecture are Model, View, and Controller.
- It is a design pattern that helps us to organize our code in a structured manner
- The Model View Controller: The MVC design pattern allows us for code reusability and a modular approach to solving complex problems.
What Is MVC Architecture In Java? Read Below
Java MVC stands for Model View and Controller. Java MVC (Model, View, Controller) is an architecture that programmers follow while programming Java applications.
It is also referred to as the MVC Design pattern. A design pattern is a structured way of solving a problem in software engineering. The MVC design pattern is commonly used in the web development domain for creating web applications.ย
MVC (Model-View-Controller) framework is a design pattern that separates an applicationโs user interface (UI), data, and control logic into three distinct components, each with a specific role.
Hereโs a brief overview of each component:
- Model: This component represents the data and business logic of the application. It is responsible for managing the applicationโs state and enforcing business rules.
- View: View is responsible for rendering the user interface of the application. It takes data from the Model and presents it to the user like UI in a format they can interact with.
- Controller: The controller acts as a mediator between the Model and View. It is responsible for the user actions. It receives input from the user via the View, processes it, and updates the Model accordingly. It also updates the View with the results of Model changes.
By separating these concerns, MVC makes it easier to modify and maintain individual components without affecting others. This can lead to more flexible, scalable, and maintainable applications.
Why MVC Architecture Is Used?
Before getting into the details about the implementation of the Model-View-Controller or MVC architecture model, let us get to know why this design pattern is used. The MVC design pattern helps us with the following:ย
- Make the code more organized and standard.
- Avoid complexity.
- Enable easy debugging.
The main purpose of MVC is to ease down and reduce the complexity when it comes to building a large application that contains n number of modules.
Let me explain to you MVC architecture in Java with a diagram.
So the above diagram showsย 3 different main components of MVC architecture. Itโs a way we organize our code into different packages for every module of an application.
The MVC design pattern differentiates the applications into three layers representing the data model (Model layer), the presentation layer (View layer), and the control information (Controller.)
MVC architecture includes View, VO, BO, Controller, and DAO layers. The controller maintains the interconnectivity with the View, VO, BO, and DAO layers.
What Are The Advantages Of The MVC Architecture Model?
The MVC design pattern has various advantages in software development. Let us discuss some of these advantages of MVC architecture below.
Modular Structure
The MVC design pattern allows for the separation of the web application into three layers, thus, allowing developers to work on different components individually that making it easier to manage the codebase.
Code Reusability
The MVC design pattern allows for code reusability as the components of the MVC architecture can be reused across different parts during the implementation of the applications.
Flexible Maintenanceย
Since the components or layers have really low dependency on each other, it is easier to make updates in one layer of the code as the other layers are not affected. This further reduces bugs and errors while updating and maintaining the code for the software.
Scalabilityย
The MVC architecture is scalable and helps the applications to grow without becoming unmanageable. For example, new features can be added in the form of modules and be cleanly organized with the other components of the MVC architecture.ย
Better Code Organisation
ย The MVC architecture works on separation logic. This leads to a clear and clean code organization making it easier to understand the workflow of the software you are developing. Moreover, this structured approach helps in performing tasks like data manipulation, user interface actions, and input handling separately and clearly.
Now, let us see how can we achieve the implementation of the MVC design pattern in Java. Letโs say for example we want to design a Login Page using Java MVC architecture.
How To Achieve An MVC Design Pattern In Java?
To implement the Model View Controller Desing pattern in the Java programming language, we need to start with the Model layer. Letโs dive in and see its implementation.
Implement Model Layer In MVC Java:
The Model layer is the first implementation step in the Java Desing pattern. We will take one simple example to understand the flow.
Overview Of The Concept:ย
In the MVC, the model layer is considered the Data Layer. It is used to get the state of the application as well as to get the logic of the business for which the model layer is implemented.ย
The layer is used to store the data inside the database & the same data is fetched from there. This layer is used to implement some of the rules on the database to extract the data. The concept will more clearer with one example.
Code To Implement Model Layer:
public class Code {
private String type; // Declaring String Type
private String name; // Declaring String Name
public String getType() { // Function To Getting Type
return type;}
public void setType(String type) { // Function Saving Type
this.type = type;}
public String getName() { // Function To Getting Name
return name;}
public void setName(String name) { // Function To Saving Name
this.name = name;
}}
Steps Of The Program:
- First, take some private strings based on the parameters you want to save inside the Model. To get more knowledge about strings, you can attain some knowledge about comparing strings in Java.
- Then, declare one public function using the โgetโ keyword that will help to receive the value from the Main function.
- After that, using the โsetโ keyword, we need to save the data inside the database of the Model layer.
- We should perform the above steps for all the parameters that we have declared in the class.
Implement View Layer In MVC Java:
In the next step, we will see how to implement the view layer using the MVC architecture in Java. Letโs go through its concept.
Overview Of The Concept:
From the name of the layer, we can get the work it performs on the MVC layer. The view layer is used to display all the information that is stored in the Model. The controller layer is used as the bridge between the Model & the Controller.
Whenever there is a need to communicate with the Model from the View, the Controller layer is used for that. The view layer sends the data to the client from which the data is received by the controller. We will implement one example based on the above Model.
Code To Implement View Layer:
public class CodeView {
public void print(String codeName, String codeType){ // Function To Print Values
System.out.println("ZapOne Coding Help: ");
System.out.println("Name: " + codeName + ", Which Falls Under: " + codeType);
System.out.println();}}
Steps Of The Program:
- The program is very small & implementation starts from one user-defined function implementation process. We should provide the same number of arguments to the function which we have declared earlier.
- Inside the function, we will write some random printing statements. Those statements will help to receive the values from the Model layer. It is very important to understand printing an array in Java as it allows us to debug or verify the program wherever necessary.
Implement Controller Layer In MVC Java:
ย The third step is to create the controller layer of the Java MVC architecture or design pattern. Let us get to know how it is done.ย
Overview Of The Concept:
As we have said earlier that the controller layer is used as the bridge between the Model Layer & the View layer. The view layer provides data requests to the Controller layer which processes those requests. Those requests are sent to the Model layer.
From the Model layer, the Controller layer gets the data. Those data will be shared with the View layer. And inside the view layer, all the received details will be published. Based upon the implemented Model & View layer, we will implement the Controller layer.
Code To Implement Controller Layer:
public class CodeView {
public void print(String codeName, String codeType){ // Function To Print Values
System.out.println("ZapOne Coding Help: ");
System.out.println("Name: " + codeName + ", Which Falls Under: " + codeType);
System.out.println();}}
Steps Of The Program:
- In the program first, we should call those two classes which are implemented for Model & View purposes.
- Now, we need to use again the โgetโ & โsetโ keywords to receive & save the data. We should use these functions, for the number of times the arguments are declared.
- We have to declare another function inside of the program that will connect with the View program. The function that has been used in the view program will be used inside of that declared function.
Implement Main Function In MVC Java:
We have completed all the implementation required inside of the MVC process. But it is not enough to execute the code. The Main function is not declared in the program. Without the Main function, no program can be executed.
Code To Implement Main Function In MVC Java:
public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) {
Code model = retriveCodeFromDatabase(); // Fetching Record From Model
CodeView view = new CodeView(); // Creating Object Of View layer
CodeController controller = new CodeController(model, view); // Creating Object Of Controller layer
controller.update(); // Calling Update Function
controller.setCodeName("Java Program"); controller.setCodeType("OOPs"); // Updating Data
controller.update();} // Calling Update Function
private static Code retriveCodeFromDatabase(){ // Function To Insert Elements
Code cd = new Code();cd.setName("C Program"); cd.setType("Functional"); return cd;}}
Steps Of The Program:
- The implementation of the program will start from the Public Static Void Main function.
- Inside that function, the Model will be called first & the records will be fetched from the database.
- After that, the View layer will be called. For that, we will declare one View object inside of the program.
- At last, the Controller layer will be called. Here, we will again create one object that will work on the Controller function declared earlier.
- Now, some of the values will be provided to the program which will be saved first to the Model. Then, the data will be received by the Controller for printing in the View layer.
Let us try to find out the complete output of the above-implemented codes. It will help to understand the working procedure of MVC Java.
Output:
From the above output, we can see how the three components or layers of the MVC architecture work. Each layer of the design pattern is separated yet interconnected to provide the correct output.
Now, let me tell you more about the MVC design pattern. Weโll get to know when to use MVC architecture in Java by discussing some of its use cases. Read below to know!
What Are The Use Cases Of The MVC Architecture In Java?
By now we have got an idea about what is the MVC design pattern and what are its advantages. Let us get to learn more about it by discussing when to use MVC architecture. Let us dive in to know!
Web applications
The MVC architecture is suitable for adding dynamicity to your web applications. You can create dynamic web pages that focus on content generated based on the user actions. Moreover, changes made in the view layer or the user interface are separate from the business logic.ย
Content Management Systems
The MVC architecture also finds its use in CMS platforms or content management platforms. They help in customization of the interfaces for managing different elements like blogs, forms, and other media content. Here also, you can make changes to the view layer without disturbing the pre-defined management logic.ย
Applications having multiple views
MVC design pattern allows for scalability and applications that have multiple views, for example, apps like mobile apps or web browsers. The same data model and business logic can be used for these views.ย
Social Media Applications
Social media applications frequently update their user interface to support various user actions like posting, commenting, liking posts, and more. The MVC architecture, in this case, helps to modify and update the apps without hindering the management logic or business logic.ย
Large Scale Applications
Large-scale applications like enterprise resource planning systems require the implementation of complex business logic. In such cases, the MVC architecture is extremely helpful because it helps in separation of the business logic model with the controller and view model.ย
Conclusion:
As we saw, knowing the working process of MVC in Java programming language is very important.
We should know well the Data Model & the Design Patterns present in the Java programming language in a good manner to execute different difficult problems easily.
It is advisable to clear the basic concept of the Java programming language. Otherwise, some of the implementation processes will look weird to you. If you get a good grip on this topic, you can bring some more important Final Year Java Project ideas for your group.
Takeaways:
- The MVC architecture in Java is a design pattern that allows us to organise our code by following a modular approach.ย
- It divides the software into three layers namely: model, view, and controller.ย
- These layers are separated and allow developers to work independently without disturbing the logic of the other layers.ย
- The MVC architecture is efficient to create large scale applications or applications that require multiple views or presentation layers.
